![]() ![]() Mammals breathe in and out of their lungs, wasting that part of the inhalation which remains in the conducting airways where no gas exchange can occur. ![]() It means that not all the air in each breath is available for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. pH is an indicator of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solutionĭead space is the volume of air that is inhaled that does not take part in the gas exchange, because it either remains in the conducting airways or reaches alveoli that are not perfused or poorly perfused. Symbol relating the hydrogen ion concentration or activity of a solution to that of a standard solution approximately equal to the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. ![]() Oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry Oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin of arterial blood The term formerly used ( A-a D O 2) is discouraged.Īlveolar-arterial tension ratio P aO 2: P AO 2 The term oxygen exchange index describes this ratio. However, differences in the exact way of measuring this space result in clinically significant different results and, therefore, debate remains about the true value of this measured parameter.Ĭopyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC.Inhaled air not part of gas exchange Blood gas, acid-base, and gas exchange terms P aO 2Īrterial oxygen tension, or partial pressureĪlveolar oxygen tension, or partial pressureĪrterial carbon dioxide tension, or partial pressureĪlveolar carbon dioxide tension, or partial pressureĪlveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference. Indeed, it may serve as a prognostic factor in patients with acute repository distress syndrome (ARDS) who require ventilation. This phenomenon has clinical significance because, both in healthy and impaired lungs, properly calculating and accounting for this non-physiological space is important for the proper respiratory care of ventilated patients. This is therefore termed anatomical dead space as it serves no respiratory function. Anatomic dead space is an important phenomenon in respiratory physiology whereby, owing to the fact that upper airways do not function as locations for gas exchange, and because of the tidal nature of ventilation, there is always a fraction of the inspired air that does not perform a physiologic function of exchanging carbon dioxide for oxygen. ![]()
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